Oil Pipeline Leak Detection and Localisation Using Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper describes the development of a wireless sensor network that uses pressure variation to detect and locate leaks in a prototype oil pipeline. The HK1100C oil pressure sensor is used as a sensing unit to sense/monitor pressure variation inside the prototype oil pipeline and outputs the corresponding voltage variation to a microcontroller. The whole network comprises mainly of HK1100C oil pressure sensor, Arduino Uno board containing ATmega328P microcontroller, SIM800L GSM module, JHD162ALCD module, audio alarm buzzer, 9V supply. The ATmega328P microcontroller was programmed in C++ programming language. If deployed in Nigeria, the wireless sensor network will be able to monitor oil pipelines against leaks and therefore reduce environmental degradation and economic losses resulting from oil leakages.