Pathological Markers for Brucellosis, a Bacterial Challenge: A Review

The Brucellosis, caused by Brucellae species is an infectious disease infecting animals and human population. Unlike other bacteria Brucella does not secrete toxin but is pathogenic because of prolonged stay and replication in host. B. melitensis is most virulent among six classified species. In this paper the proteins responsible for virulence, survival and replication like two-component regulatory system BvrR/BvrS (TCS BvrRS) , type IV secretary system and effectors molecules have been discussed from different perspective to target and inhibit Brucellae inter cellular growth. The various defined effectors may be possible target for inhibitors for future. Genetically the Brucella chromosome II having pathogenic virB operon maybe engineered for regulation and expression .The available vaccines and inhibitors against bacterial infections are highlighted with side effects . There is urgent need to redesign fool proof vaccines and drugs to protect animals and human population before it challenges to be another pandemic like cholera or plague.